References

Primary Sources:

Donald Michael Genaro, Haworth, Thomas Joseph Kelly, John Neil McGarvey, and Rembert Ryan Stokes (Inventors listed on the patent), “U.S. Design Patent No. Des. 224,117 for Videotelephone Transceiver,”  accessed March 26, 2024, The Picturephone http://www.patentlyinteresting.com/july-4.html.

AT&T Tech Channel, “Debut of the First Picturephone (1970) - AT&T Archives,” Debut of the First PicturePhone, accessed March 26, 2024, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BQMnlKMFD8M. 

Western Electric Company, “Western Electric Company Picturephones, Mod II,” WESTERN ELECTRIC COMPANY PICTUREPHONES, MOD II, accessed March 26, 2024, https://www.bonhams.com/auction/25259/lot/2057/western-electric-company-picturephones-mod-ii-atandtbell-labs-1970-1973/.

Stanley Kubrick (Director), “2001: A Space Odyssey - Videophone Sequence,” 2001: A Space Odyssey, accessed March 26, 2024, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vWwo6JpMceg. 

AT&T (The company that marketed the Videophone 2500), “AT&T Videophone 2500 Advertisement,” AT&T Videophone 2500, accessed March 26, 2024, https://www.vintagecomputing.com/index.php/archives/667/retro-scan-of-the-week-att-videophone-2500.

A. Michael Noll, “Videophone: A Flop That Won't Die,” FORUM; Videophone: A Flop That Won't Die, accessed March 26, 2024, https://patrickzhou.omeka.net/admin/items/show/3.

Marketing Department/Research Section, American Telephone and Telegraph Company, “Visual Conferencing,” Poly Archives, accessed May 2, 2024, https://polyarchives.hosting.nyu.edu/items/show/637.

Research Section/Marketing Department, American Telephone and Telegraph Company, “Reasons for Limited Use of Visual Conference Service,” Poly Archives, accessed May 2, 2024, https://polyarchives.hosting.nyu.edu/items/show/629.

Bell Laboratories , “Videophone Picture Standards,” Poly Archives, accessed May 2, 2024, https://polyarchives.hosting.nyu.edu/items/show/638.

Secondary Sources:

Shannon Liao, “AT&T launched the VideoPhone 2500 in 1992. It sold for $1,499,” Failure of the Videophone, accessed April 1, 2024, https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/12/tech/att-video-phone-vault/index.html#:~:text=It%20sold%20for%20%241%2C499,-By%20Shannon%20Liao&text=In%201992%2C%20AT%26T%20launched%20what,on%20a%20small%20screen%2C%20live.

Carla Lazzareschi, “Finally, the Videophone: Communications Era Dawns but Is Anyone Watching?,” Failure of the Videophone, accessed April 1, 2024, https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-02-28-fi-374-story.html

William M. Bulkeley, “The Videophone Era May Finally Be Near, Bringing Big Changes,” Failure of the Videophone, accessed April 1, 2024, https://www.polyarchives.hosting.nyu.edu/items/show/139.

Lipartito, Kenneth. “Picturephone and the Information Age: The Social Meaning of Failure.” Technology and Culture, vol. 44, no. 1, 2003, pp. 50–81. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/25148054. Accessed 23 Apr. 2024.
Riccio, Gianluca. “When There Was Zoom 60 Years Ago: History of the Picturephone: Near Future.” Futuro Prossimo, 24 Feb. 2021, en.futuroprossimo.it/2021/02/quando-cera-zoom-60-anni-fa-storia-del-picturephone/.

References